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linux:prepare:prepare [2016/01/19 07:18]
niziak 		linux:prepare:prepare [2023/07/30 08:53] (current)
niziak
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 ===== Basic ===== ===== Basic =====
  
-=== Usefull software ​=== +==== default EDITOR ==== 
-<code bash>​sudo ​apt-get install wireshark cups</​code>​ +<code bash> 
-<code bash>sudo usermod ​-G lp,​lpadmin,​dialout,​sudo,​audio,​video,​netdev,​vboxusers,​wireshark,​kismet,​i2c user_login</​code>​+sudo update-alternatives --list editor 
 +sudo update-alternatives --config editor 
 +</​code>​
  
 +==== set umask ====
  
-=== parallel packers === +In file: ''​~/​.profile''​ 
-<code bash>​sudo apt-get install pigz pbzip2 pxz lbzip2</​code>​+  * ''​umask 002''​ (default), RW for user, RW for group and R for others ​- create dirs as 775 and files as 664 
 +  * ''​umask 022''​ (default for root), 755 and 644 
 +  * ''​umask 077''​ only RW for user, not other access 
 +  * ''​umask 007''​ RW for user, RW for group
  
-To force using parallel packers system-wide: +**NOTE!:** Problem appears with non default user umask and ''​sudo''​ command usage. 
-<code bash> +After sudo umask is still set to the user umask, which is correct. ​ 
-ln -s /​usr/​bin/​lbzip2 /​usr/​local/​bin/​bzip2 +But can lead to some unpredicted behavior i.e. installing system-wide packages ​- new file will be created with incorrect umasks (user umask). 
-ln -s /​usr/​bin/​lbzip2 /​usr/​local/​bin/​bunzip2 + 
-ln -s /​usr/​bin/​lbzip2 /​usr/​local/​bin/​bzcat +To prevent this: 
-ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pigz /​usr/​local/​bin/​gzip +<file | /​etc/​sudoers> 
-ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pigz /​usr/​local/​bin/​gunzip +Defaults ​       umask_override 
-ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pigz /​usr/​local/​bin/​zcat +Defaults ​       umask=0022
-ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pixz /​usr/​local/​bin/​xz +
-</​code>​ +
-or use bash aliases: +
-<file | .bashrc> +
-alias gzip='​pigz'​ +
-alias gunziip='​unpigz'​ +
-alias bzip2='​pbzip2'​ +
-alias bunzip2='​pbunzip2'​ +
-alias xz='​pxz'​+
 </​file>​ </​file>​
  
-=== add i386 architecture ===+ 
 +==== add i386 architecture ​====
  
 <code bash> <code bash>
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 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-=== etckeeper ​===+==== NTP: allow time corrections bigger than 1h ==== 
 +  - Disable systemd time service: ''​systemctl disable --now systemd-timesyncd''​ 
 +  - Install ''​ntpdate''​ and ''​ntp''​ 
 +  - Edit ''/​etc/​default/​ntp''​ and add ''​-g''​ argument.  
 +  - Switch RTC to UTC time:
 <code bash> <code bash>
-apt-get install git  +timedatectl set-local-rtc 0 
-git config ​--global user.name "my name" +ntpd -gxn 
-git config --global user.email myemail@address.pl +hwclock ​--systohc
-apt-get install git-cola etckeeper kdiff3+
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-=== Disable PC speaker ===+ 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Disable PC speaker ​====
 <code bash> <code bash>
 echo "​blacklist pcspkr"​ > /​etc/​modprobe.d/​nobeep.conf echo "​blacklist pcspkr"​ > /​etc/​modprobe.d/​nobeep.conf
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-=== resolv.conf ===+==== resolv.conf ​====
 <code bash>​apt-get install resolvconf</​code>​ <code bash>​apt-get install resolvconf</​code>​
  
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 <code bash>​sudo resolvconf -u</​code>​ <code bash>​sudo resolvconf -u</​code>​
  
-== Polish & locales ==+=== Polish & locales ​===
 <code bash> <code bash>
 +dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
 apt-get install console-data apt-get install console-data
 dpkg-reconfigure console-data dpkg-reconfigure console-data
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 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-= X11 = 
-Based on XFCE 
  
-== misc == +Remember to set [[sw:​libreoffice#​paper_format]]
-<code bash>​apt-get install browser-plugin-vlc</​code>​+
  
 +==== set cfq/​deadline scheduler ====
  
 +<file | /​etc/​udev/​rules.d/​60-schedulers.rules>​
 +ACTION=="​add|change",​ KERNEL=="​sd[a-z]",​ ATTR{queue/​rotational}=="​1",​ ATTR{queue/​scheduler}="​cfq"​
 +ACTION=="​add|change",​ KERNEL=="​sd[a-z]",​ ATTR{queue/​rotational}=="​0",​ ATTR{queue/​scheduler}="​deadline"  ​
 +</​file>​
  
-== Power management == +<code bash>cat /​sys/​block/​sd*/​queue/​scheduler</​code>​
-sudo apt-get install acpi-support+
  
-Turn off monitors command and lock: +=== single queue schedulers === 
-xset dpms force off +There are 2 queues, one for read & one for write operations. 
-xscreensaver-command --lock+  * **none** is just a First In First Out standard queue of I/O operations. 
 +  * **cfq** (Completely Fair Scheduling) is similar to the Round Robin algorithm and basically allots a fixed execution time for each I/O operation (they are implemented as a circular queue) 
 +  * **deadline** is like a priority queue with an aging concept. Basically it adds a deadline for each I/O operation & implements a priority queue
  
-=== Control minitor brightness ​=== +=== block multi-queue schedulers ​=== 
-<code bash> +Supported in kernel ​>=4.12. It is disabled by default. 
-xrandr --output HDMI2 --brightness 0.5 +To use multi-queue schedulers compile kernel with **CONFIG_SCSI_MQ_DEFAULT=y** or pass parameter **scsi_mod.use_blk_mq=1** in boot loader.
-xrandr ​--output VGA1 --brightness 0.5 +
-</​code>​+
  
-==== Using Brighntess Controller ==== +[[https://​www.thomas-krenn.com/en/​wiki/​Linux_Multi-Queue_Block_IO_Queueing_Mechanism_(blk-mq)|Linux Multi-Queue Block IO Queueing Mechanism]]
-<code bash>​sudo apt-get install python-wxgtk3.0 python-pyside</code>+
  
-Download and install latest version from [[http://lordamit.github.io/Brightness]]. +<file | /etc/udev/rules.d/60-schedulers.rules> 
-Do not use Ubuntu'​s deb because it contain old version. +ACTION=="​add|change",​ KERNEL=="​sd[a-z]",​ ATTR{queue/​rotational}=="​1",​ ATTR{queue/​scheduler}="​bfq"​ 
- +ACTION=="add|change",​ KERNEL=="​sd[a-z]", ATTR{queue/rotational}=="​0",​ ATTR{queue/​scheduler}="​mq-deadline"​ 
- +</file>
-==== Using Indicator Brightness ​==== +
-apt-get install libappindicator1 libdbusmenu-gtk4 libindicator7 python-appindicator python-gobject +
-apt-get install notify-osd +
- +
-wget http://​launchpadlibrarian.net/​196377180/​notify-osd-icons_0.8%2B15.04.20150202-0ubuntu1_all.deb +
-dpkg -i dpkg -i notify-osd-icons_0.8+15.04.20150202-0ubuntu1_all.deb +
- +
-wget http://​ppa.launchpad.net/​indicator-brightness/​ppa/​ubuntu/​pool/​main/​i/​indicator-brightness/​indicator-brightness_0.4~bzr11~ubuntu15.04.1_all.deb +
-dpkg -i indicator-brightness_0.4~bzr11~ubuntu15.04.1_all.deb +
- +
- +
-sudo apt-get install software-properties-common python-software-properties +
-sudo add-apt-repository ppa:​indicator-brightness/ppa +
-sudo apt-get update +
-sudo apt-get install indicator-brightness +
- +
- +
- +
-=== Open PDFs in okular ​=== +
-Force system to ask how to open file: +
-<code bash>​mimeopen -d file.pdf</​code> +
-or+
 <code bash> <code bash>
-xdg-mime query filetype document.pdf +sudo udevadm control ​--reload 
-xdg-mime query default application/​pdf +sudo udevadm trigger 
-xdg-mime default okularApplication_pdf.desktop application/​pdf  +cat /sys/block/sd*/queue/scheduler
-# or kde4-okularApplication_pdf.desktop +
-</​code>​ +
-see +
-<code bash> +
-cat /usr/​share/​applications/​mimeinfo.cache and defaults.list  +
-cat  ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list ​+
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-sudo update-mime-database /​usr/​share/​mime +==== Disable console beep ====
- +
-=== Multimonitor ​=== +
-use xrandr to list available outputs. Example output: +
- +
-<​code>​ +
-Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 8192 x 8192 +
-VGA1 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 410mm x 230mm +
-   ​1366x768 ​     59.79*+ +
-... +
-HDMI1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) +
-HDMI2 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 477mm x 268mm +
-   ​1920x1080 ​    ​60.00*+ +
-... +
-DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) +
-HDMI3 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) +
-</​code>​+
  
-To set layout of monitor:+To disable console annoying beep: 
 + * System wide by removing PC Speaker module:
 <code bash> <code bash>
-xrandr ​--output VGA1 --right-of HDMI2+rmmod pcspkr 
 +sudo echo "​blacklist pcspkr"​ > /​etc/​modprobe.d/​pcspkr-blacklist.conf
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-You need to create startup script with above command, and configure XFCE to run it at start (read more below). 
  
-There is also graphical UI available: 
-<code bash>​apt-get install arandr</​code>​ 
  
-To make settings permanent, use **Layout** --> **Save as** 
-This will create executable script in **~/​.screenlayout/​your_name.sh** 
  
-Then add above executable script to autostart of XFCE: 
-**Application Menu** --> **Settings** --> **Session and Startup** 
  
-=== remote VNC access ​=== +===== Usefull software ​===== 
-Start VNC after first user login (from autostart):+<code bash>​sudo apt-get install wireshark cups</​code>​ 
 +<code bash>​sudo usermod -G lp,​lpadmin,​dialout,​sudo,​audio,​video,​netdev,​vboxusers,​wireshark,​kismet,​i2c user_login</​code>​
  
-<code bash> 
-$ sudo apt-get install x11vnc 
-$ mkdir -p ~/​.config/​autostart 
-$ cd ~/​.config/​autostart 
-$ cat > X11VNC.desktop 
-</​code>​ 
  
-And paste following content:+==== parallel packers ==== 
 +<code bash>​sudo apt-get install pigz pbzip2 pxz lbzip2</​code>​
  
-<​code ​ini> +To force using parallel packers system-wide:​ 
-[Desktop Entry] +<​code ​bash> 
-Encoding=UTF-8 +ln -s /​usr/​bin/​lbzip2 /​usr/​local/​bin/​bzip2 
-Type=Application +ln -s /​usr/​bin/​lbzip2 /​usr/​local/​bin/​bunzip2 
-Name=X11VNC +ln -s /​usr/​bin/​lbzip2 /​usr/​local/​bin/​bzcat 
-Comment= +ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pigz /​usr/​local/​bin/​gzip 
-Exec=x11vnc ​-forever -usepw -httpport 5900 +ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pigz /​usr/​local/​bin/​gunzip 
-StartupNotify=false +ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pigz /​usr/​local/​bin/​zcat 
-Terminal=false +ln -s /​usr/​bin/​pixz /​usr/​local/​bin/​xz
-Hidden=false+
 </​code>​ </​code>​
 +or use bash aliases:
 +<file | .bashrc>
 +alias gzip='​pigz'​
 +alias gunziip='​unpigz'​
 +alias bzip2='​pbzip2'​
 +alias bunzip2='​pbunzip2'​
 +alias xz='​pxz'​
 +</​file>​
  
-Finish pasting with CTRL+D+some benchmarks (i7-3770K), BTRFS FS +NoCOW attrib 
 +^ command ​   ^ user time ^ size ^ comments ^ 
 +|pbzip2 -1   | 4m12       | 694M |         |  
 +|pbzip2 -5   | 4m59       | 683M |         | 
 +|pbzip2 -9   | 6m25       | 679M | default | 
 +|pigz -0     | 0m32       | 3,5G | no compression | 
 +|pigz -1     | 0m52       | 727M |         | 
 +|pigz -2     | 0m48       | 723M |         | 
 +|pigz -6     | 1m18       | 698M | default | 
 +|pxz -0      | 3m30       | 660M |         |  
 +|pxz -3      | 5m00       | 636M |         | 
 +|pxz -6      | 11m19      | 571M | default |
  
-Password file (~/​.vnc/​passwd) you can create using //​vncpasswd//​ command. 
  
-==== vnc4server ==== 
  
-in file ~/​.vnc/​xstartup 
- 
-add before executing x-session: 
- 
-<code bash ~/​.vnc/​xstartup>​ 
-if test -z "​$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS"​ ; then 
- eval `dbus-launch --sh-syntax –exit-with-session` 
- echo "D-BUS per-session daemon address is: \ 
- $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS"​ 
-fi 
-</​code>​ 
- 
-=== Sound === 
-<​code>​ 
-apt-get install pavucontrol pavumeter 
-</​code>​ 
- 
-=== Trackball/​mouse === 
-<code bash>​apt-get install xinput</​code>​ 
-For touchscreen,​ please install also xinput-calibrator 
  
 +==== etckeeper ====
 <code bash> <code bash>
-xinput list # to see device list and ids +apt-get install git  
-xinput list-props 10 # list props for device id=10+git config --global user.name "my name"​ 
 +git config --global user.email myemail@address.pl 
 +apt-get install git-cola etckeeper kdiff3
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
-For logitech devices there are additional packets: 
-<code bash> 
-sudo apt-get install lomoco solaar 
-</​code>​ 
-[[https://​wiki.archlinux.org/​index.php/​Logitech_Marble_Mouse]] 
  
 +==== mandb ====
  
 +Disable mandb updates after apt:
 +<code bash>​echo "set man-db/​auto-update false" | debconf-communicate;​ dpkg-reconfigure man-db</​code>​