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APT
Configuration
Force IPv4
echo 'Acquire::ForceIPv4 "true";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99force-ipv4
Limit download speed
To limit download speed to 250kBytes/s:
- /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/75lowerspeed
Acquire { Queue-mode "access"; http { Dl-Limit "250"; }; };
Use apt-cacher
- /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/02proxy
Acquire::http { Proxy "http://192.168.0.231:3142"; }; Acquire::https::proxy "DIRECT";
or Replace all mirror hostnames with cachinghost/hostname in sources.list, so
deb http://ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main
should now become:
deb http://192.168.0.17:3142/ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main
Commandline
Playing with apt keys
sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 8B48AD6246925553
sudo apt-get install debian-archive-keyring wget http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian/pool/main/p/pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring/pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring_1.1_all.deb sudo dpkg -i pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring_1.1_all.deb sudo apt-get update
gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key 8B48AD6246925553 gpg -a --export 8B48AD6246925553 | sudo apt-key add -
apt-get update 2> /tmp/keymissing; for key in $(grep "NO_PUBKEY" /tmp/keymissing |sed "s/.*NO_PUBKEY //"); do echo -e "\nProcessing key: $key"; gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv $key && sudo gpg --export --armor $key | apt-key add -; done
List all package versions
apt-cache policy lxc
lxc: Installed: 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2 Candidate: 1:1.1.5-1 Version table: 1:1.1.5-1 0 500 http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian/ stretch/main amd64 Packages *** 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2 0 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
Install specified version
apt-get install backupninja=0.9.8.1-1 apt-mark hold backupninja
Install with low prio questions
To change dpkg-configure question priorities:
DEBIAN_PRIORITY=low apt-get install ...
Install from backports
List version and priorities:
apt-cache policy pulseaudio
apt-get install -t jessie-backports pulseaudio
aptitude -t jessie-backports
- /etc/apt/preferences.d/backports
Package: * Pin: release a=jessie-backports Pin-Priority: 500 Package: * Pin: release a=stretch-backports Pin-Priority: 500
Hold package
echo package_name hold | sudo dpkg --set-selections
Errors
Error:
http://httpredir.debian.org squeeze-lts Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 8B48AD6246925553 Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (7.0/wheezy) <ftpmaster@debian.org>
cd /var/lib/apt sudo mv lists lists.old sudo mkdir -p lists/partial sudo apt-get update
This will rebuild the cache.
Error:
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 13B00F1FD2C19886
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key 13B00F1FD2C19886