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--- linux:general:apt [2015/06/25 10:47]
niziak
+++ linux:general:apt [2021/09/26 07:47] (current)
niziak
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Install specified version
+====== APT ======
+===== Configuration =====
+==== Force IPv4 ====
+<code bash>
+echo 'Acquire::ForceIPv4 "true";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99force-ipv4
+</code>
+==== Limit download speed ===
+To limit download speed to 250kBytes/s:
+<file python /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/75lowerspeed>
+Acquire
+{
+   Queue-mode "access";
+   http
+   {
+      Dl-Limit "250";
+   };
+};
+</file>
+==== Use apt-cacher ====
+<file | /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/02proxy>
+Acquire::http { Proxy "http://192.168.0.231:3142"; };
+Acquire::https::proxy "DIRECT";
+</file>
+or
+Replace all mirror hostnames with cachinghost/hostname in sources.list, so
+<code>deb http://ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main</code>
+should now become:
+<code>deb http://192.168.0.17:3142/ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main</code>
+====== Commandline ======
+===== Disable fsync =====
+This trick helps on BTRFS FS
+<code bash>
+apt-get install eatmydata
+eatmydata apt-get update
+</code>
+Or wrap some commands permanently with eatmydata
+<code bash>
+ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/aptitude
+ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/apt-get
+ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/apt-cache
+</code>
+===== Playing with apt keys =====
+<code bash>
+sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 8B48AD6246925553
+</code>
+<code bash>
+sudo apt-get install debian-archive-keyring
+wget http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian/pool/main/p/pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring/pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring_1.1_all.deb
+sudo dpkg -i pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring_1.1_all.deb
+sudo apt-get update
+</code>
+<code bash>
+gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key  8B48AD6246925553
+gpg -a --export 8B48AD6246925553 | sudo apt-key add -
+</code>
+<code bash>
+apt-get update 2> /tmp/keymissing; for key in $(grep "NO_PUBKEY" /tmp/keymissing |sed "s/.*NO_PUBKEY //"); do echo -e "\nProcessing key: $key"; gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv $key && sudo gpg --export --armor $key | apt-key add -; done
+</code>
+===== List all package versions =====
+<code bash>apt-cache policy lxc</code>
+<code>
+lxc:
+  Installed: 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2
+  Candidate: 1:1.1.5-1
+  Version table:
+:1.1.5-1 0
+http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian/ stretch/main amd64 Packages
+ *** 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2 0
+/var/lib/dpkg/status
+</code>
+===== Install specified version =====
 <code>
 apt-get install backupninja=0.9.8.1-1
 apt-mark hold backupninja
 </code>
+===== Install with low prio questions =====
+To change dpkg-configure question priorities:
+<code bash>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=low apt-get install ...</code>
+===== Install from backports =====
+List version and priorities:
+<code>apt-cache policy pulseaudio</code>
+<code>apt-get install -t jessie-backports pulseaudio</code>
+<code>aptitude -t jessie-backports</code>
+<file | /etc/apt/preferences.d/backports>
+Package: *
+Pin: release a=jessie-backports
+Pin-Priority: 500
+Package: *
+Pin: release a=stretch-backports
+Pin-Priority: 500
+</file>
+===== Hold package =====
+<code bash>echo package_name hold | sudo dpkg --set-selections</code>
+====== Errors ======
+===== trying to overwrite  =====
+<code>
+dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer1.0-plugins-base_1.18.4-2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
+ trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gstreamer-1.0/libgstcompositor.so', which is also in package gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad:amd64 1:1.14.4-dmo7+deb10u1
+dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
+Errors were encountered while processing:
+ /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer1.0-plugins-base_1.18.4-2_amd64.deb
+Config is in use.
+</code>
+<code bash>
+apt-get -f -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" install
+</code>
+===== BADSIG =====
 Error:
+<code>
 http://httpredir.debian.org squeeze-lts Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 8B48AD6246925553 Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (7.0/wheezy) <ftpmaster@debian.org>
+</code>
 <code bash>
@@ Line 16: / Line 150: @@
 This will rebuild the cache.
+Error:
+<code>
+W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 13B00F1FD2C19886
+</code>
+<code bash>sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key 13B00F1FD2C19886</code>
+===== Download is performed unsandboxed =====
+Warning:
+<code>
+W: Download is performed unsandboxed as root as file '/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/libnet-cidr-lite-perl_0.21-1_all.deb' couldn't be accessed by user '_apt'. - pkgAcquire::Run (13: Permission denied)
+</code>
+<code bash>
+sudo chown -Rv _apt:root /var/cache/apt/archives/
+sudo chmod -Rv 774 /var/cache/apt/archives/
+</code>

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