journald
Follow journal and show only entries with err priority
journalctl -p err -f
Valid priorities are (syslog):
0 emerg (panic / System is unusable)
1 alert (Action must be taken immediately / A condition that should be corrected immediately, such as a corrupted system database)
2 crit (Critical conditions / Hard device errors)
3 err (Error conditions)
4 warning (Warning conditions )
5 notice (Normal but significant conditions / Conditions that are not error conditions, but that may require special handling)
6 info (Informational messages)
7 debug
Assigning stderr priorities
man 3 sd-daemon
fprintf(stderr, SD_NOTICE "Hello World!\n")
reduce journal size
# runtime
sudo journalctl --vacuum-size=50M
# permanent
echo SystemMaxUse=50M | sudo tee -a /etc/systemd/journald.conf
read journal from custom location
journalctl --directory=/mnt/var/lib/journal
journalctl --file=/mnt/var/lib/journal/user-1000@*